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Quantum Tech Rise-Up Combat
Author - GIGOCYBERSPACE
Republished - 27 Dec. 2024 GMT
Quantum computing which is a branch of Quantum Mechanics/Physics has greatly been stacked to the tip with recent developments and discovery. Quantum computers are just like regular computers bit work on the basis of quantum superpsotion and quantity entanglement which sre common phenomenon in quantum physics.
We sre going to dive into what quantum physics is all about, what are states, superposition, quantum teleportation is all about.
What is Quantum Physics
Quantum Physics also known as quantum mechanics is the branch of physics at studies matter and energy at the atomic level. At this level, the law of physics changes. In quantum physics, different terminologies such as quantum entanglement, time-wrap, and other come into place. when it comes the quantum computing which is a sub-branch that utilizes quantum mechanics phenomenon to exploits classical computer time limitations.
For a quantum computer, this is a computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena to perform calculations that can not be attainable by even the fatest super computer of the current world. It does so through basic principles:
1.Qubits
These are the basic unit of quantum information, unlike bits used in classical computers which used a voltage for one(1) and no voltage for zero(0), qubits are abstract entity (photons, magnetic field) that can exist in multiple states, this is called superposition. This mean there can be both zero, one or both simultaneously giving them an upper advantage to normal computers by solving more processes at a time.
Also the state of one qubit can affect the property of another even at far distances. This is called quantum entanglement and it is a huge groundbreaker as different qubits can communicate seamlessly no matter the distance. Think of it like a network, where the activity of one qubit influences the other as they are all connected.
Quantum Stand in Cyber Security
Quantum computers have the potential to break certain types of encryption that are currently considered secure for classical computers. This ability stems from their fundamentally different computational power, based on the principles of quantum mechanics. Here's how this works:
- RSA Cryptography: The RSA algorithm which is a major constraint for classical computer die to the factoring of large prime numbers can be broken with quantum computers by using the Shor's algorithm that uses superposition and entanglement to perform integral factorisation in polynomial time drastically reducing time.
- Asymmetric Cryptography: Even asymmetric oey can be brute force more easier with quantum technology, it reduces the attempts time from exponent time to square root time. For example a 2¹²⁸ bit key will take the time of attempting 2⁶⁴ key.
- Also the Ecliptic Curve Cryptography also uses the Shor's algorithm to break its encryption algorithm.
Quantum Tech Combat
Lattice-Based Problem
Another class of problems that quantum computers struggle with is lattice-based problems, such as the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP).
Poblem Statement:
Given a lattice (a discrete grid in n-dimensional space), find the shortest non-zero vector.
Why Is It Hard for Quantum Computers?
The most efficient quantum algorithm for solving SVP (e.g., quantum variants of lattice reduction algorithms like LLL) scales exponentially in the dimension of the lattice.
Cryptographic schemes like Learning With Errors (LWE) and Ring-LWE rely on the hardness of such problems and are considered post-quantum secure.
This is a complex mathematical problem that is found difficult even to quantum computers to solve. Also others like the Learning With Errors(LWE) and the Ring-LWE are very complex and hard even on quantum computers due to unique complex nature.
At the moment, it is not assured that quantum computer are capable of breaking rsa algorithm, right now there is no current version of quantum infrastructure that can break RSA encryption, due to its nature. Any disturbance or high temperature causes malfunction which leads to loss of data. But just to be ready, these are the Combat to Quantum Tech
